Number Io. Y. a wmsr ா in Germany has produced “human brutes' "I'he fourth objection is quite beside the mark. In Europe, they have not as yet tried to produce the exceptional man. They are not trying to raise the average standard of humanity. in the face is that in trying to suppress insanity, But the question now staring them This consideration has put a restraint upon the wild enthusiasm of the ultra-Eugenists while the moderates aver they may suppress genius. that they put the case of genius altogether aside. Like the wind the genius bloweth where it listeth, but it is an observed fact that it very rarely arises in the lowest strata of society. The production of ability and practical efficiency is the aim of the Eugenist. The accentuation of special qualities is not his aim. Now how does the practical Eugenist try to carry his object out? First, by selective breeding and secondly by promoting the early marriage of suitable persons. The caste system which is nothing but a system of select breeding is even now being commended with a hinted censure while early marriage is being clamned with faint praise While the ultraradicals of India are loading the caste system of the Hindus with reproaches, a voice from Europe pays a stifled tribute to it. An esteemed Eugenist writes-“Caste is a word of RUSKIN ON WORK. 497 ா حــــــ somewhat sinister significance, but no cautious observer will pronounce the caste system of the East wholly evil.” Even this much from a European is quite unexpected. But the selective breeding of the Eugenist, which has already been adopted in Germany, France and America, has not infrequently led to the cul de sac of sterility. So they may have to recourse to a caste system not very unlike our own. Even early marriage has been marked with a white stone. Says a Western writer; -'keep down the cost of living which tends to delay marriage and so to diminish fertility. Endow motherhood and give it the honour which it may fairly claim, subsidise marriage or give exemption from taxation to the fathers of families of a certain size.' Here the writer condemns the late marriage of Europe, cries for the introduction of early marriage among suitable persons, but does not approve of child marriage or infant marriage. We admit that our social institutions have deteriorated with the march of time; with our imperfect knowledge and misdirected education we cannot understand them in full. The Eugenist has brought them in the penumbra and the full illumination is yet to come. SASI BHUSHAN MukHERJI. --” "S-s Ruskin on Work. AY, but (it is asked) how is that an unfair advantage Has not the man who has worked for the money a right to use it as he best can No, in this reapeet, money is now o*actly what mountain promontories over public roads were in old times. The barons fought for 125 4 them fairly :-the strongest and cunningest got them; then fortified them, and made every one who passed below pay toll. Well, capital now is exactly what crags were then. Men fight fairly (we will, at least, grant so much, though it is more than we ought) for their money; but,
