3. There should be maximum provincial autonomy within the concept of one country.
4. It should be an effective instrument for translating the new expectations of the people in the social and economic fields into a concrete reality.
The Constitution provides a parliamentary form of representative Government both at the Centre and in the Provinces. The President will appoint as Prime Minister a person who can command majority support in the National Assembly. The other Ministers will be members of the National Assembly, although a person who is not a member may be a Minister for a maximum period of six months. All will be responsible, as a Cabinet, to the National Assembly. The Prime Minister may be removed on only one ground, namely, that he has ceased to command the confidence of a majority in the National Assembly.
The Prime Minister will be assisted by a Vice-Prime Minister, who should belong to the other wing from that to which the Prime Minister belongs. The President is required to act in accordance with the advice of his Council of Ministers, except where such advice involves violation of his oath of office or interferes with the organisation of the defense forces of the country or their maintenance in a high state of efficiency.
The fundamental rights in this Constitution go beyond the provisions contained in previous constitutions. The directive principles of state policy have been reworded and strengthened in many respects. The state is to give special attention to improvement of the living and working conditions of the worker and the peasants.
Another major departure from earlier constitutions is the provision of a Vice-president. It has been provided that the Vice-President should belong to the other wing from that to which the President belongs and that his headquarters should be at Dacca. His principal function will be to be the Chairman of the Senate and this new House of Parliament forms the next major departure from the previous constitutions. A second House is a necessary feature of a federal state, and it has been missing from our constitutions for too long. Ordinarily, the function of a second House is to provide equal representation to the units constituting the federation and the Constitution provides that each of the Provinces shall have elected representatives in the Senate. In addition, to secure representation from among persons eminent in public and professional life, I have provided for nomination of fifteen such persons, of whom ten shall be from East Pakistan and the remaining five from the West Wing. The Vice-President of Pakistan, besides being the Chairman of the Senate, may have other functions conferred upon him by law and other duties may also be assigned to him by the President. The president and the Vice-President are to be elected normally by an electoral college composed of the senate, the National Assembly and all the Provincial Assemblies by the method of the alternative vote.
The Parliament of Pakistan will thus consist of two House, but the principal lawmaking body will be the National Assembly. The Senate has not been provided with a veto on legislation by the National Assembly, but may, nevertheless, propose
