was the head of the eldest Khunt. To him the others Owed military service and paid rent in cash and kind, the cash-rent being probably nominal in amount, and then reckoned of minor importance. In course of time the Zemindar from the eldest Khunt of the Bhumij became a Bindu, and called himself a Raja.”
“The term Bhumihor or Bhuinya is a common title among Ghatwals in Barrabhum at the present day and if asked to explain it, they say it means clearer of the jungles and owners of the soil. Like the Bhumihors in Lohardaga they do not deny all liability to pay rent, but they say their rent ought not to exceed half that paid by an ordinary raiyat. The present organisation of the Ghatwals in Burrabhum corresponds so exactly to the Mundari village system in Lohardaga that there can hardly be a doubt that it is the same thing under a different name.” 19-12-13,
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