औीडलांच छकबर्खाँ। and that of Mahadeb or the phallus may be considered identical, and whether the presence s s of the serpent on the preshistoric remains of Europe can be shown to support my theory that the markings on the cromlechs and mennirs are indeed the traces of this form of worship carried to Europe from the East by the tribes whose remains are buried beneath the tumuli. I have now to state briefly the direction in which I would desire that these imperfect notes should be considered to lead. As the Society know, I have for sometime past been endeavouring to collect information on the points of resemblance between the tumuli of India, and the well-known types of Scandinavia, of Brittany, and of the British Isles. In paper on the Kumaon Rock markings, besides noting the resemblance between the cup-markings of India and of Europe-I hazarded the theory that the concentrie circles and certain curious markings of what some have called the "jews-harp' type, so common in Europe, are traces of phallic worship, carried there by tribes, whose descended into India, my hosts uehed forward into the remotest corners of Europe and as their traces seem to suggest, found their way on to the American continent also. No one who compares the stone yonis of Benares, sent herewith, with the engravings in the first page of the work on the rock nu arkings of Northumberland and Argyleshire, ৪ৰ্থ বর্ষ। s ിങ്ങ LLqMMqMLL LL LLLLMMMLL LLLLL qTqLqLLL LALLALMMMMMMMLMLL LA AL AMAMMMMLLLLLLLMM SLLLSLLLSeAMAAMLALLAqALAMLALALAMMMqAqLMLALALALAMALAMA LLALeLiLیعت سی خصوصیشنطنیہ نہیضہ حانشی تضح ہی میخانہیۓ & কাহারণার্য্যালোচনা হইতে আমরা দেখিতে পাই যে published privately by the Duke of Northum
- बौब्रॉंबच পশঙ্গাপুঞ্জাই as ogxis vestiscesa fizfaw soe berland, President of the New Coastle Society *१लiद्र नरिडनचक। . . * t
of Antiquaries, which is also set for the inspection of the Society, will deny that there is an extraordinary resemblance betweon the conventional symbol of Siva-worship of to-day and ancient markings on the rocks, menhirs and cromleches of Northumberland of Scotland, of the Island of Brittany, of Scandinavia and other parts of Europe. And a further examination of the forms of the cromlechs and tumuli and menhirs, will suggest that the tumuli themselves were intended to indicate the symbols of the Mahadeb and yoni, conceived in It) but regeneration, the new life, "life out of leath, obscenc sense, as representing life overlasting,' which those buried in the tumuli, facing towards the sun in its meridian, were expected to enjoy in the hereafter. Many who indignantly i repudiate the idea of the prevalence of phallic worship μιηong oυr remote ancestors, hold that these symbols But admitting this, may not the snake after all, have been but a symbol of the phallus And tho sun, the ever, I represent the snake or the sun. invigorating power of nature, has believe, been considered to represent the same idea, not necessarily obscene, but the great mystery of nature, the life transmitted from generation to genoration, or as Prof. Stephen puts it, “life out of death, life everlasting.' The same idea in fact which, apart fron any obscene conception, causes the rude Mahadeb and yoni to be worshipped daily by hundreds of thousands of Hindus. In a most interesting paper recently read at the Society of thc Antiquaries of France, some extracts of which I am now preparing for the Society, the authors M. M. Edward
