an adequate rough approximation of the qualities of a successful ruling class-qualities clearly possessed by the Romans of Punio war time and the English in the nineteenth and early twentieth century's." Rebellious radical Is who lack faith in themselves and their positions or who hold that they have power unjustly or who begin to feign refinement and the cultural graces, are markedly unsuited to perform the functions of a ruling class. I naturally refrain from offering comments but leave it to the reader to decide the extent to which these conditions are fulfilled. In East Pakistan. political activity is bound to spun out after the lifting of the Martial law, and the capability of the Administration will come in for a severe trial. An examination of the capabilities and behavior of officers in key positions should be made and reshuffling donc, if necessary. There are reports of subversive trends on the part of a few officers and suitable action should be taken against them.
Desertion of Intellectuals
In a society which is ready for big changes, the intellectuals begin to desert. There is no evidence that there is so in East Pakistan, at any rate, to any large extent. The Universities, have ever since 1947 exercised a powerful influence upon successive regimes. The Muslim League used the students to support the Pakistan demand and later the students became so powerful that they used the Governments which became pawns in their hands. There is a small group of intellectuals in the Dacca University with a strong parochial and regional bias. The record of preventive action against professors and teachers at Dacca and outside is far from glorious and there is no doubt that student thinking has been adversely influenced by this group. While some intellectuals have deserted, the majority is still with the Government. The effort should. therefore, be aimed at cultivating the sympathetic intellectuals and in converting those who are hostile. The Bureau of National Reconstruction has done considerable work in this behalf. The re- generation of the older group will, as mentioned in carlier paragraphs, make the intellectuals in this class more assertive.
Middle Class
A strong middle class in a society is a guarantee of its stability. In the past, unfortunately, owing to power and wealth having remained concentrated for generations in the hands of the Ilindus, a powerful middle class consisting of the Muslims was non-existent. New economic and service opportunities have opened up and a middle class is fast in the process of formation. It is, however, not conservative as in West Pakistan. The next generation of the middle class will tend to be conservative and will, therefore, exert its influence against rash and ill-advised attempts to bring about violent and ill-conceived changes. The middle class which is now in the course of formation must be helped at all costs and strengthened. The emphasis on mass welfare should, if necessary, be reduced to develop this class. In West Pakistan, the much maligned feudal society of the middle class, which economic conditions are tending to break up, were responsible for stability.
More Vitality on the part of Police Needed
The authorities, I am sorry to say, have been somewhat apathetic toward the poster campaign. Every effort should be made to trace the writers and the organizations, if any,
