* s This is certainly very serious in a country where the vast majority of the population abstains from meat and milk is an article of everyday "dietery. In Great Britain the tendency is to graduatly throw more and more cultivated irid into pasture. “In the whole of the United Kingdom-England, Wales, Scotland and reland'-wrote the Portuguese author of Ängland of Zb-day, “the area under cultivation is now forty-eight million acres, and twenty years ago it was forty-five millions, Pasture-land, natural and artificial, amounted to twenty-seven millions, or sixty per cent, and land for cereals to eleven millions, or about twenty-five per cent. Now the pasture larid is thirty-three millions, or seventy per cent, and cereals nine millions, or less than twenty per cent. In England and Wales, among twenty millions of cultivated acres, eighteen are for pasture, seven for cereals, and three for vegetables and garden-produce. In Scotlantil the pasture-land consists of three militions of acres out of a total of five millions under cultivation. In Ireland there are twelve out of a total of fifteen. Is or is riot Great Britain a great meat-factory?" But in India the conditions are not similar. On the other hand here the tendency is to bring every acre of fallow land under the plough. Só the solution of the problem must be differently sought and accomplished in India. At the hinth meeting of the Board of Agriculture held at Pusa (February 1916) Mr. C. H. A. Still is reported to have saidThere is dome risk, I venture to think, that unless great are is observed, some confusion may ariaga 'rbgard to what are essentially in Indiapiade branehés of the same subject. Over ùစ္ဆe tracts of India, in fact, over, I beligib,idost of the country cattle-breeding, жffaloев, is principally not for espeaooKSY ANATH BRAKNU. LSLSLSLSLSLSLSLSLSLSLSLSLSLSLSLSSLSLSSLSLSSLSLSSLSLSALALTSSSLSLSLSLSLSLSLS Volume I. dairying purposes at all, but for the production of bullocks for agricultural purposes. Any scheme for the improvement of the breeding of cattle should bear this in mind. The problom of improving the breeding of cattle should bear this in mind. The problem of improving the breeding of plough cattle is in some respects entirely distinct from the problem of improving the milking qualities of Indian cattle.' We consider it unfortunate that because the two branches are separate one should be given preference to the other. In fact from what we have showed before the question of improving the plough cattle is as importand as the question of improving the dairy cattle in India where while the bullock is the mainstay of the agricultural population the cow is a necessity to the householder. We are of opinion that for years to come the two questions-distinct though they arecan be handled together the same measure's tending to improve the plough cattle and the dairy cattle. We would suggest the establishment of more farms like the one at Rangpur for the rearing of reliable bulls and cows and the supply of bulls to villages though local bodies and local landlords interested in the improvement of agriculture. The climatie conditions of the country crannot be charged; and the question of pasture may be difficult to solve. But the question of the supply of reliable bulls is easily solved. And we are sure the owners of cattle worth feeding will not fail to provide the food necessary to keep them in proper condition. A little attempt to induce the Zemindars and headmen to set an example in the matter of taking proper care of the cattle by providing sanitary sheds and healthy food and the quetion of the improvement of the cattle of the province will be easily solved. Hemendra Prasad Ghose
